Date of Award

Spring 5-4-2024

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts

Department

History

First Advisor

Justin Rivest

Second Advisor

Lauren Jannette

Abstract

Automata – mechanical, self-moving representations of animals and humans – have been studied by historians mainly to account for their popularity in the European Enlightenment, where they influenced conceptions of how matter takes on life and agency in a mechanistic world. However, automata continued to be built well into the nineteenth century, particularly in Paris. Through analyzing and contextualizing the construction and reception of nineteenth-century French automata – from their commercialization to associations with industrialization, domestication, and colonial anxieties – these self-moving machines emerge as a uniquely evocative mode of representation in a French worldview that was quick to embrace a technologically mediated view of themselves and “others.” Through working across histories of science, technology, luxury, labor, colonialism and art, I show why these nineteenth-century automata began to represent the “other” to Europeans as moving sculptures dressed as exotic songbirds, orientalized turcs, and eventually submissive négres. These dynamic objects speak to the commercialization of a particular nineteenth-century European fantasy of domestication and imperialism in a racialized, mechanized world.

Rights Statement

All rights reserved. This copy is provided to the Kenyon Community solely for individual academic use. For any other use, please contact the copyright holder for permission.

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