Authors

Object ID

2014.1.262abc

Object Name

Pass

Date

1943

Files

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Content Warning

The Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection consists of images, documents, and artifacts related to the Holocaust. The collection contains materials that depict a number of topics that may be difficult for viewers to engage with, including: antisemitic descriptions, caricatures, and representation of Jewish people; Nazi imagery and ideology; descriptions and images of German ghettos; graphic images of the violence of the Holocaust; and the creation of the State of Israel. For more information, see our policy page.

Description

First Pass Front: Tan paper with printed black text. Includes a small illustration of the Nazi eagle.First Pass Back: A sketchy illustration of a Russian family with a man hovering behind them with printed black text.Second Pass Front: Black printed Russian text with two violent illustrations.Second Pass Back: Printed black text.Third Pass Front: Printed black text.Third Pass Back: An illustration of a glasses-wearing Soviet armyman holding a flag of with faces stitched onto it, including Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Winston Churchill.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Three German safe-conduct passes intended to induce Soviet soldiers to not only surrender, but to attack their officers and Jews in general. The passes, printed in Russian, bear drawings. One shows the image of a Russian commissar standing behind a tree and shooting Russian soldiers as they surrender and below that the same commissar on the ground with a soldier holding a brick above his head. Another shows an image that loosely conflates a Russian commissar with the standard caricature of a Jew. The verso bears the usual empty promises of good treatment, adding: "This pass is valid for a limited number of soldiers and comrades of the Red Army for a limited time - whomever shows this wants no more senseless bloodshed caused by Jews and commissars!"

Dimensions

5 3/4 x 8 1/4" each

Keywords

Russia, political cartoon, Reich seal

Subcollection

Propaganda

German Antisemitic Safe-Conduct Passes

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