Antisemitic Notgeld German Currency

Authors

Object ID

2012.1.455a-c

Object Name

Money, Paper

Date

1922

Files

Content Warning

The Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection consists of images, documents, and artifacts related to the Holocaust. The collection contains materials that depict a number of topics that may be difficult for viewers to engage with, including: antisemitic descriptions, caricatures, and representation of Jewish people; Nazi imagery and ideology; descriptions and images of German ghettos; graphic images of the violence of the Holocaust; and the creation of the State of Israel. For more information, see our policy page.

Description

Three pieces of paper money with black and red illustrations. The first shows Jews adding blood to matzoh, the second shows Jews being burned at the stake, and the third shows a priest offering the wafer to the Jews.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

These 100 pfennig Sternberg “Notgeld” notes from 1922 were intended to commemorate the burning at the stake in 1492 of 27 Jews accused of the Eucharistic sacrilege of using the blood of Christian children for making matzah, the unleavened bread used in Passover seders. The correct order of these images would therefore be: 1) the Priest Peter Dane selling consecrated wafers representing the body of Christ to the gathered Jews as a symbol of offering Jews conversion to Christianity; 2) an image of the Jews stabbing the wafers - seen here mixed with blood - symbolizing the Jews’ responsibility in killing Christ; a rejection of Jesus and Christianity; and the blood libel charge -common in medieval Europe and thereafter - of murdering a Christian child to use in the process of making the Passover matzah. Thus, historical charges against the Jews which form the basis of religious antisemitism are herein conflated; and 3) the pogrom enacted against the Jews - burning them at the stake - for their alleged crimes.

Notgeld - emergency currency - was common during the Weimar Republic’s period of hyperinflation. Towns and villages would issue their own currency - with the Reichsbank’s eventual approval - often artistically rendered with attractive scenes or local heroes reflecting a town’s pride of place. Thus Notgeld did not always carry a reference to antisemitic themes or political issues. Yet antisemitic Notgeld anticipated themes that would be taken up in a few short years with the Nazi party’s rise to power. The medieval inheritance of antisemitism founded on religious and historical differences - vividly depicted in the Sternberg Notgeld - would be subsumed in the Third Reich by a virulent secular anti-Judaism based on race and immutably rooted in the blood and ancestry. The Jew would undergo a transformation from a pariah scapegoated during periods of social and economic unrest to a pathogen who must be expunged from the body politic.

The fledgling Nazi party had already come into existence before these notes were printed. In a mere 11 years Hitler and his minions would wield power in Germany. Martin Luther’s splenetic antisemitic screeds denouncing Jews amid his growing frustrations with them would lead ineluctably down the centuries to the materialization and enactment of Heinrich Heine’s prophetic warning: where books are burned, they will in the end burn people.

Dimensions

3 1/8 x 4 1/8"

Keywords

Money, Currency, Notgeld, Sternberg, Commemoration

Subcollection

Philatelic

Recommended Citation

"Antisemitic Notgeld German Currency" (1922). Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection. 2012.1.455a-c.
https://digital.kenyon.edu/bulmash/1171