Document Type

Poster

Publication Date

Summer 2025

Abstract

The basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere (S.M.T.) is one of the most important churches in Rome dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Founded in the 3rd century, it was moved to its current site in the 4th century, and completely rebuilt in the form that largely stands today in the 12th century by Pope Innocent II. The church features three mosaic compositions: the apse mosaic of the Assumption of the Virgin installed by Pope Innocent II, six apsidal wall panels of scenes from the Life of Mary by 13th-century artist Pietro Cavallini, and—the focus of this study—the façade mosaic. Unlike the well documented histories of the apse and wall programs, the façade mosaic, its patron, the artists, and the reasons for its installation, is shrouded in mystery. By compiling prior scholarship, utilizing stylistic and material analyses, and re-examining primary documentation, this study proposes a possible chronology and actors related to the creation of the mosaic. I have uncovered previously overlooked connections to popes and influential theologians who were related, through physical residence or ideological channels, to the church during this key rebuilding period. While the exact chronology remains unknown, I suggest the late 12th century through the late 13th century as the period during which this image was created and from which we can identify a number of influential actors.

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Rights Statement

In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted