Title

Censored Postcard from M. Brandon During Early German Occupation of Netherlands to New York

Authors

Object ID

2019.2.288

Object Name

Postcard

Date

6-19-1940

Files

Description

Envelope with two red vertical lines down the center, red postage in upper right corner, “M. Brandon” written on lower left side.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Following the roll-out of similar measures in Germany in April 1933, the German occupation authority in the Netherlands in 1940 instructed the Dutch Ministry of the Interior to purge the government and public bureaucracies of Jews. An individual of aryan race would be defined by having no Jewish blood among his or her grandparents (two sets) or any history of membership in a Jewish community. Jews themselves would be required to register their business assets in 1940 and register as Jews In January 1941. Almost 160,000 Jews registered, including 25,000 from Germany. A Jewish council, or Judenrat, (Joodse Raad) was established in 1941 as well, to answer to the Nazis and pass on information the Nazis wanted transmitted to the Jewish community at large. For example, in doing the bidding of the Nazi administrators, the Raad helped select Jews for labor camps. This of course would create an untenable and controversial situation for the Raad leaders - Cohen and Asscher - who risked being taken for collaborators with the Nazis.

Dimensions

3 1/2 x 5 1/2"

Keywords

Netherlands, Amsterdam

Subcollection

Netherlands

Recommended Citation

"Censored Postcard from M. Brandon During Early German Occupation of Netherlands to New York" (1940). Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection. 2019.2.288.
https://digital.kenyon.edu/bulmash/1614